# 2D天空盒 A 2D skybox is a [skybox](https://noskill.gitbook.io/titanfall2/chinese/information/textures/skybox-basics) that lacks geometrical depth, consisting only of a skybox texture (without using the [sky\_camera](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Sky_camera) entity to display a 3D miniature model). ![](https://2905920047-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LPXG6BIVWwbrvVSOiBw%2F-M2D5hzqk6ZeajQLXe2Q%2F-M2D5uBOIktwa0ndM11I%2FSkybox_Template.jpg?alt=media\&token=7b1907e8-29f2-421e-971b-69924c416f6d) ## 为地图添加天空 Simply texture a [world brush](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/World_brush) (not a [brush entity](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Brush_entity)) with the [**`tools/toolsskybox`**](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Tool_textures) or (if you are mapping for the [Orange box](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Orange_box)) the [**`tools/toolsskybox2d`**](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Tool_textures) material. In-game, the skybox will be seen through each surface that `toolsskybox` is applied to. `toolsskybox` Brushes do not need to be box-shaped. {% hint style="info" %} **Note:**In [HL2](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/HL2) the default skybox has visible seams. This is not your fault. See the next section for how to change the default. {% endhint %} {% hint style="info" %} **Note:**You should avoid making a skybox by drawing a big hollowed out cube with the Skybox texture around your map. {% endhint %} ## 更改显示的天空盒 See also [Sky List](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Sky_List) If you don't like the standard "sky\_day01\_01" sky, you can change it by setting the skybox name in Hammer's Map Properties dialog. With the correct map opened, follow these steps: 1. Go to the [Map menu](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Hammer_Map_Menu) 2. Choose **Map Properties...** from the drop down list 3. In the Object Properties window, select the **Skybox Texture Name** field. 4. Replace the sky listed there with the name of the skybox you wish to display. ![](https://2905920047-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LPXG6BIVWwbrvVSOiBw%2F-M2D5hzqk6ZeajQLXe2Q%2F-M2D6lhgYeXyzFPDRtlm%2FSky_change.png?alt=media\&token=6258b02e-d137-4880-9e05-94063042cd79) ## 天空盒光照 Skybox Lighting enters the map through every [toolsskybox](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Skybox)-textured [brush](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Brush), representing direct sun/moonlight and diffuse skylight. Its basic properties are controlled by three entities used in combination (four in some games): * [`light_environment`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Light_environment) defines the direction, color and intensity of the direct sunlight, and the color and intensity of the diffuse skylight. * [`shadow_control`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Shadow_control) defines the color, direction, and attenuation distance of the [dynamic shadows](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Dynamic_Shadows) that are created by `light_environment`. Dynamic shadows will be buggy and unconfigurable without this entity. * [`env_sun`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Env_sun) places a glowing sprite in the skybox to represent the Sun's apparent position in the sky. * [`env_cascade_light`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Env_cascade_light) casts harsh, real-time shadows onto the map, usually copying settings from the `light_environment`. [![\](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/w/images/3/35/Csgo.png)](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Counter-Strike:_Global_Offensive)[![\](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/w/images/a/af/Insurgency_16x_icon.png)](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Insurgency)[![\](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/w/images/c/cc/Black_mesa_icon.png)](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Black_Mesa_\(Source\)) only. To make sense of it all, just make sure you have only one of each of these entities in your map, and that the **Pitch and Yaw \** are set the same for all three of them. (Pitch is equivalent to the Sun's angle of elevation from the ground, and Yaw is its compass bearing.) These lighting settings - direction, color, brightness, etc are fairly specific to the actual image used for the 2D skybox. The [Sky List](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Sky_List) article suggests some settings for official game skyboxes. The [`worldspawn`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Worldspawn) entity defines which [skybox](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Sky_List) to use. Also note that fog will look wrong if [`env_fog_controller`](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Env_fog_controller)'s settings don't correspond to the particular skybox in use.![](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/w/images/c/cc/Note.png) **Note:Pitch** can be overriden for `light_environment` and `env_sun`, but not `shadow_control`. The **Pitch** override also cannot be switched off and its rotation is measured counter-clockwise from the horizontal (so straight down is -90°) whereas the **\ Pitch'**s rotation is clockwise (so straight down is +90°). The workaround for this is to make sure your **Pitch** override merely repeats the **\** value; for example, if your `shadow_control`, `light_environment` and `env_sun` **\** are "45 -60 0", set the **Pitch** override to "-45". ## 创建自定义2D天空盒纹理 1. Prepare your image files. You need six images of the same resolution: * \BK * \DN * \FT * \LF * \RT * \UP 2. [Convert them to VTF.](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Creating_a_Material) Make sure that you enable "Clamp S" and "Clamp T" flags or you'll see seams when running with lower texture detail. 3. Create materials for each texture in `\materials\skybox\`, using the following template: ``` unlitgeneric { $basetexture "" $hdrcompressedtexture "" $nofog 1 $ignorez 1 } ``` Now, in [Hammer](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Hammer), go to Map > Map Properties > Skybox Texture Name and type in your skybox name without any side tags. ## 使用起源引擎为[金源引擎](https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Goldsource)创建2D天空盒 It is possible to create an area of your map into a 2D Skybox to be used in Goldsource (the HL1-engine). Here's an simple example: 1. Create a large outdoor area with some displacement maps and treelines, and fog to hide the edges. Lets call it **carrotjuice** . 2. Load the map ingame and turn cheats on ( sv\_cheats 1 ). 3. Activate the noclip-mode by simply opening the console and enter "**noclip**" and hit Enter. 4. Fly to the center of where you want the skybox. 5. Open up the console and type "**mat\_envmaptgasize 256**", hit Enter. 6. Now type "**envmap**" and press Enter. Now, 6 TGA-files are now created and saved into a folder named "cubemap\_screenshots" in your modfolder ( i.e. for Portal 2: Steam\SteamApps\common\Portal 2\portal2 ). Since the mapname was **carrotjuice** , the name of the 6 TGA-files are as following: ``` carrotjuicert.tga (Right) carrotjuiceft.tga (Front) carrotjuicelf.tga (Left) carrotjuicebk.tga (Back) carrotjuiceup.tga (Up) carrotjuicedn.tga (Down) ``` You can now copy or move these to your HL1-mods gfx\env-folder, to use it as skybox in a level. ## 来源和参考资料 {% hint style="info" %} Source: {% endhint %} --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://noskill.gitbook.io/titanfall2/chinese/information/textures/skybox-basics/2d-skybox.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. 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